First Confidential

THIS DAY IN HISTORY - NOVEMBER 2nd

Marie Antoinette, Quote

“Courage! I have shown it for years; think you I shall lose it at the moment when my sufferings are to end?”

~ Marie Antoinette

Wikiquote (Marie_Antoinette (baptised Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna (or Maria Antonia Josephina Johanna); November 2, 1755 – October 16, 1793), born an Archduchess of Austria, was Dauphine of France from 1770 to 1774 and Queen of France and Navarre from 1774 to 1792. She was the fifteenth and penultimate child of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa.)

This Day in History

November 2nd, 1769

Don Gaspar de Portolà leads the first documented European visit to San Francisco Bay

Don Gaspar de Portolà leads the first documented European visit to San Francisco Bay.

Wikipedia  Photo: San Francisco de Asis; San Francisco, Alamo Square Victorian houses; San Francisco Gloden Gate Bridge; San Francisco Skyline.

November 2nd, 1772

American Revolutionary War Collage

American Revolutionary War:
1772 - A Samuel Adams and Joseph Warren form the first Committee of Correspondence.
1783 - Rocky Hill, New Jersey; United States General George Washington gives his "Farewell Address to the Army".

Wikipedia  Paintings: Washington Crossing the Delaware, by Emanuel Leutz; Battle of the Chesapeake, French (left) and British (right) lines; Battle of Bunker Hill, The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker Hill by John Trumbull; The Defeat of the Floating Batteries at Gibraltar, September 13, 1782, by John Singleton Copley; Washington and the Comte de Rochambeau at Yorktown, 1781; "The surrender at Saratoga" shows General Daniel Morgan in front of a French de Vallière 4-pounder; Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown by (John Trumbull, 1797).

November 2nd, 1889

North and South Dakota are admitted as the 39th and 40th U.S. states

North and South Dakota are admitted as the 39th and 40th U.S. states.

Wikipedia  Photo: The great granite likenesses of Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt, and Lincoln stare impassively at South Dakota's Black Hills, by James Randklev / Getty Images; South Dakota landscapes, by Bill Fearn; Buffalo roam in South Dakota's Black Hills, by Michael Hanson / Getty Images; Cheyenne River Sioux Tribal Park, South Dakota, by Jack Dykinga; Stallions Fighting, South Dakota, by Melissa Farlow, © credit National Geographic.

November 2nd, 1895

The first gasoline-powered race in the United States - First prize: $2,000

The first gasoline-powered race in the United States - first prize: $2,000.

Wikipedia  Photo: The Duryea motorized wagon was an early winner in the world of auto racing. credit Wired.

November 2nd, 1898

Cheerleading is started at the University of Minnesota with Johnny Campbell leading the crowd in cheering on the football team

Cheerleading is started at the University of Minnesota with Johnny Campbell leading the crowd in cheering on the football team.

Wikipedia  Photo: credit University of Minnesota Archives, MinnesotaAlumni.org.

November 2nd, 1914

World War I: Collage

World War I:
1914 - Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
1917 - Balfour Declaration proclaims British support for the "establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people" with the clear understanding "that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities".

Wikipedia  Photo: Trenches on the Western Front; a British Mark IV Tank crossing a trench; Royal Navy battleship HMS Irresistible sinking after striking a mine at the Battle of the Dardanelles; a Vickers machine gun crew with gas masks, and German Albatros D.III biplanes. National Archives and Records Administration.

November 2nd, 1936

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation is established

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation is established.

Wikipedia  Photo: Canadian Broadcasting Corporation building in downtown Toronto (Mark Blinch/Reuters)

November 2nd, 1940

World War II: Second firestorm raid on Germany, the Royal Air Force conducts an air raid on the town of Kassel, killing 10,000 and rendering 150,000 homeless World War II: Battle of Leyte Gulf; Battle of Leyte Gulf; The first kamikaze attack: A Japanese plane carrying a 200-kilogram (440 lb) bomb attacks HMAS Australia off Leyte Island World War II: German V1 flying-bomb and V2 Rockets - Preparations for a Salvo Launch of V-2 Rockets in the Heidelager near Blizna (Poland) (1944) World War II: Eastern Front (World War II); was a theatre of World War II between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland, and some other Allies which encompassed Northern, Southern and Eastern Europe from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945

World War II:
1940 - Battle of Elaia–Kalamas; first day of battle between the Greeks and Italians.

Wikipedia  Photo: Bombing of Dresden in World War II; August Schreitmüller's sculpture 'Goodness' surveys Dresden after a firestorm started by Allied bombers in 1945. USS Bunker Hill was hit by kamikazes piloted by Ensign Kiyoshi Ogawa and another airman on 11 May 1945. 389 personnel were killed or missing from a crew of 2,600; Ensign Kiyoshi Ogawa, who flew his aircraft into the USS Bunker Hill during a Kamikaze mission on 11 May 1945; Kamikaze Missions - Lt Yoshinori Yamaguchi's Yokosuka D4Y3 (Type 33 Suisei) "Judy" in a suicide dive against USS Essex. The dive brakes are extended and the non-self-sealing port wing tank is trailing fuel vapor and/or smoke 25 November 1944.
German V1 flying-bomb and V2 Rockets - Preparations for a Salvo Launch of V-2 Rockets in the Heidelager near Blizna (Poland) (1944), credit German History in Documents and Images GHDI.

Eastern Front (World War II); Germans race towards Stalingrad. August 1942; Soviet children during a German air raid in the first days of the war, June 1941, by RIA Novosti archive; Soviet sniper Roza Shanina in 1944. About 400,000 Soviet women served in front-line duty units Caucasus Mountains, winter 1942/43; Finnish ski patrol: the invisible enemy of the Soviet Army with an unlimited supply of skis; Men of the German Engineers Corps cross a river which is swollen after the first autumn rains, to strengthen bridges linking the German positions on the central front in Russia. by Keystone / Getty Images. October 1942; Russian snipers fighting on the Leningrad front during a blizzard. Photo by Hulton Archive / Getty Images, 1943; German soldiers surrendering to the Russians in Stalingrad, the soldier holding the white flag of surrender is dressed in white so that there could be no doubt of his intentions, a Russian soldier is on the right of the photograph. by Keystone / Getty Images, January 1943.

November 2nd, 1947

In California, designer Howard Hughes performs the maiden (and only) flight of the Spruce Goose or H-4 The Hercules; the largest fixed-wing aircraft ever built

California: designer Howard Hughes performs the maiden (and only) flight of the Spruce Goose or H-4 The Hercules; the largest fixed-wing aircraft ever built.

Wikipedia  Photo: H-4 Hercules "Spruce Goose", Heavy transport flying boat.

November 2nd, 1963

Vietnam War: Operation Swift; U.S. Marines engage the North Vietnamese in battle in the Que Son Valley

Vietnam War:
1963 - South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem is assassinated following a military coup.
1967 - United States President Lyndon B. Johnson and "The Wise Men" conclude that the American people should be given more optimistic reports on the progress of the war.

Wikipedia  Picture: Vietnam_War; Side view of an HH-53 helicopter of the 40th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron as seen from the gunner's position on an A-1 of the 21st Specialist Operations Squadron. (USAF Photo by Ken Hackman), Boston Globe

November 2nd, 1966

Cuban Revolution Collage

Cuban Revolution:
1966 - Cuban Adjustment Act; comes into force, allowing 123,000 Cubans the opportunity to apply for permanent residence in the United States.

Wikipedia  Photo / Map: The leadership of the Cuban revolution; Fidel Castro played the leading role in the Cuban revolution against Fulgencio Batista (1957) AFP; Fidel Castro leads men in a cheer, Cuba, 1957, Bettmann/ Corbis; Cuban Airlift to the United States (1959 and 1962); Resiste Cuba, homenaje a la revolución cubana y sus héroes música: Protesta-Por Cuba; Che Guevara and Fidel Castro ; Official caption: "Off loading Cuban refugees at the Miami sea buoy", photo dated 4 May 1964; Photo No. 7CGD-050464 #12; Guerrillero Heroico - Alberto Korda's famous photograph of Che Guevara; The popularized cropped version; .