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“You are educated when you have the ability to listen to almost anything without losing your temper or self-confidence.”
~ Robert Frost
Wikiquote (Robert Frost (Robert Lee Frost (March 26, 1874 – January 29, 1963) was an American poet. He is highly regarded for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of American colloquial speech. His work frequently employed settings from rural life in New England in the early twentieth century, using them to examine complex social and philosophical themes. One of the most popular and critically respected American poets of his generation, Frost was honored frequently during his lifetime, receiving four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry.)
October 10th, 19
Roman Empire:
19 - Roman general Germanicus suddenly dies in Antioch under mysterious circumstances. Roman historian Tactius records that Germanicus was poisoned by Syrian Governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso under orders from Roman Emperor Tiberius.
Wikipedia Image: Relief from a 3rd-century sarcophagus depicting a battle between Romans and Germanic warriors; the central figure is perhaps the emperor Hostilian / Depiction of the Menorah on the Arch of Titus in Rome.
Painting: The death of Germanicus, by Nicholas Poussin, laments the passing of Rome's last Republican.
October 10th, 680
Battle of Karbala: Hussain bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated by forces under Caliph Yazid I. This is commemorated by Muslims as Aashurah.
Wikipedia Painting: he Last Sermon (Khutbah, Khutbatul Wada') of Prophet Muhammad on March 9th, 632.
October 10th, 732
Battle of Tours: near Poitiers, France, the leader of the Franks, Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors stopping the Muslimsrom spreading into Western Europe.
Wikipedia Painting: Battle of Tours; Charles de Steuben's Bataille de Poitiers en Octobre 732 depicts a triumphant Charles Martel (mounted) facing Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi (right).
October 10th, 1471
Battle of Brunkeberg: in Stockholm Sten Sture the Elder, Regent of Sweden, with the help of farmers and miners, repels an attack by Christian I, King of Denmark.
Wikipedia Photo: Saint George and the Dragon by Bernt Notke, in Stockholm's Storkyrkan, commemorating Sture's victory. © credit DameBoudicca.
October 10th, 1575
French Wars of Religion:
Battle of Dormans; Roman Catholic forces under Duke Henry of Guise defeat the Protestants, capturing Philippe de Mornay among others.
Wikipedia Painting: The French Wars of Religion; (1562–98): Period of civil infighting and military operations, primarily fought between French Catholics and Protestants (Huguenots). (The conflict involved the factional disputes between the aristocratic houses of France, such as the House of Bourbon and House of Guise (Lorraine), and both sides received assistance from foreign sources).
● Depiction of the Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre by François Dubois.
● Armed procession of the Catholic League in Paris in 1590, Musée Carnavalet.
● Catherine de' Medici One morning at the gates of the Louvre, 19th-century painting by Édouard Debat-Ponsan.
October 10th, 1580
1580 - Siege of Smerwick: English beheads over 600 Irish and Papal soldiers and civilians at Dún an Óir, Ireland.
Wikipedia Photo: Ireland is an island to the north-west of continental Europe. (Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers just under five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remainder and is located in the north-east of the island.)
● The Nine Years' War (Ireland from 1594 to 1603): It was fought between the forces of Gaelic Irish chieftains Hugh O'Neill of Tír Eoghain, Hugh Roe O'Donnell of Tír Chonaill and their allies, against English rule in Ireland.
October 10th, 1780
1780 - Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000 - 30,000 in the Caribbean.
Wikipedia Image: Hurricane Andrew sequence, NASA ● Hurricane Mitch at peak intensity (formed October 22, 1998 - Dissipated November 5, 1998) ● Hurricane Katrina taken on August 28, 2005, at 11:45 AM EDT by NOAA when the storm was a Category Five hurricane ● Hurricane Jeanne September 23, 2004, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ● PDC Global Hazards Atlas displaying 3 hour precipitation accumulation, typhoon Evan (04P), with JTWC positions, segments, and winds...over the South Pacific Ocean ● Satellite imagery provided by NOAA and taken by the Japan Meteorological Agency's MTSAT weather satellite shows Typhoon Roke as it approaches Japan, September 20, 2011. Over 1.3 million ordered to evacuate in Japan ahead of Typhoon Roke.
October 10th, 1871
Great Chicago Fire: Chicago burns after a barn accident. The fire lasts from October 8 to October 10.
Wikipedia Lithograph: © Great Chicago Fire, credit Masterfile Corporation.
October 10th, 1913
Panama Canal: United States President Woodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the Panama Canal.
Wikipedia Map of Panama
October 10th, 1933
United Airlines Chesterton Crash: founder United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation.
Wikipedia Photo: Boeing United Air Lines 247 NC13304 as photographed over Chicago’s “A Century of Progress” grounds 1933 shortly before it was blown up over Indiana. (Chicago Tribune photo, original from Chris Baird Collection).
October 10th, 1938
Munich Agreement: cedes the territory of Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia to Nazi Germany with given permission from France, Italy, Great Britain, . Leaders from Soviet Union or Czechoslovakia did not attend.
Wikipedia Photo: From left to right: Chamberlain, Daladier, Hitler, Mussolini, and Ciano pictured before signing the Munich Agreement, which gave the Sudetenland to Germany.
October 10th, 1942
World War II:
1942 - The Soviet Union establishes diplomatic relations with Australia.
1943 - Double Tenth Incident; in Japanese-controlled Singapore.
1945 - Double-Ten Agreement; The Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang signed a principle agreement in Chongqing about the future of post-war China.
Wikipedia Photo: Bombing of Dresden in World War II; August Schreitmüller's sculpture 'Goodness' surveys Dresden after a firestorm started by Allied bombers in 1945.
USS Bunker Hill was hit by kamikazes piloted by Ensign Kiyoshi Ogawa and another airman on 11 May 1945. 389 personnel were killed or missing from a crew of 2,600; Ensign Kiyoshi Ogawa, who flew his aircraft into the USS Bunker Hill during a Kamikaze mission on 11 May 1945; Kamikaze Missions - Lt Yoshinori Yamaguchi's Yokosuka D4Y3 (Type 33 Suisei) "Judy" in a suicide dive against USS Essex. The dive brakes are extended and the non-self-sealing port wing tank is trailing fuel vapor and/or smoke 25 November 1944.
German V1 flying-bomb and V2 Rockets - Preparations for a Salvo Launch of V-2 Rockets in the Heidelager near Blizna (Poland) (1944), credit German History in Documents and Images GHDI.
Eastern Front (World War II); Germans race towards Stalingrad. August 1942; Soviet children during a German air raid in the first days of the war, June 1941, by RIA Novosti archive; Soviet sniper Roza Shanina in 1944. About 400,000 Soviet women served in front-line duty units Caucasus Mountains, winter 1942/43; Finnish ski patrol: the invisible enemy of the Soviet Army with an unlimited supply of skis; Men of the German Engineers Corps cross a river which is swollen after the first autumn rains, to strengthen bridges linking the German positions on the central front in Russia. by Keystone / Getty Images. October 1942; Russian snipers fighting on the Leningrad front during a blizzard. Photo by Hulton Archive / Getty Images, 1943; German soldiers surrendering to the Russians in Stalingrad, the soldier holding the white flag of surrender is dressed in white so that there could be no doubt of his intentions, a Russian soldier is on the right of the photograph. by Keystone / Getty Images, January 1943.
October 10th, 1944
World War II: Holocaust;
1944 - 800 Gypsy children are murdered at Auschwitz concentration camp.
Wikipedia Photo: World War II, The Holocaust. Sources: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum USHMM, History 1900s, Internet Masters of Education Technology IMET, Techno Friends, Veterans Today, Concern.
October 10th, 1964
The opening ceremony at The 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, is broadcast live in the first Olympic telecast relayed by geostationary communication satellite.
Wikipedia Image: 1964 Summer Olympics Tokyo, Japan / Opening ceremonies of the 1964 Summer Olympics at Tokyo's national stadium, Getty Images
October 10th, 1970
Fiji becomes a independent.
Wikipedia Photo: The island nation of Fiji.
October 10th, 1971
Sold, dismantled and moved to the United States, London Bridge reopens in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.
Wikipedia Photo: The London Bridge in Lake Havasu City
October 10th, 1980
Earthquake:
1980 - A magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurs in the Algerian town of El Asnam. 3.500 die and 300,000 are left homeless.
1986 - A magnitude 7.5 earthquake strikes San Salvador and El Salvador, killing an estimated 1,500 people.
Wikipedia Image: Preliminary Determination of Epicenters / Aleppo Syria; Anchorage, Alaska - March 28, 1964 Prince William Sound USA earthquake and tsunami; 8.9 Mega Earthquake Strikes Japan; Tsunami Swirls Japan's Ibaraki Prefecture March 12 2011. credit NOAA / NGDC, NOAA National Geophysical Data Center, USGS, National Geographics.
Photo: Northern Algeria Earthquake. May 21, 2003.
October 10th, 1985
United States Navy F-14 fighter jets intercept an Egyptian plane carrying the Achille Lauro cruise ship hijackers and force it to land at a NATO base in Sigonella, Sicily where they are arrested.
Wikipedia Photo: On October 10, 1985, F-14s intercepted the Egyptian commercial air liner which transported terrorists from the Achille Lauro hijackings.
October 10th, 1997
Aviation accidents and incidents:
1997 - Austral Airlines DC-9-32 crashes and explodes near Nuevo Berlin, Uruguay, killing 74.
1998 - Lignes Aériennes Congolaises crash; Lignes Aériennes Congolaises Boeing 727 is shot down by rebels in Kindu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Wikipedia Photo: ● Pan AM 747 ● U.S. Airways flight 1549 also known as the "Miracle on the Hudson" navigates an exit ramp near Burlington, New Jersey, June 5, 2011 ● Passengers stand on the wings of a U.S. Airways plane as a ferry pulls up to it after it landed in the Hudson River in New York, Reuters ● US Airways plane crashes into New York Hudson River, Photo: AP
October 10th, 2008
Modern conflicts in the Middle East, social unrest and terrorist attacks:
2008 - Orakzai bombing; kills 110 and injures 200 more.
Wikipedia Photo: Middle East satellite image, NASA. ● Camels are seen early morning on a beach in the Marina area of Dubai October 16, 2008. (Steve Crisp, Reuters) ● A portrait of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad burns during clashes between rebels and Syrian troops in Selehattin, near Aleppo, on July 23, 2012. (Bulent Kilic, AFP / GettyImages) ● Egyptians gather in their thousands in Tahrir Square to mark the one year anniversary of the revolution on Jan. 25, 2012 in Cairo Egypt. Tens of thousands have gathered in the square on the first anniversary of the Arab uprising which toppled President Hosni Mubarak. (Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images) ● Black smoke rises above the Tehran skyline as supporters of Mir Hossein Mousavi burn tires and other material in the streets as they fight running battles with police to protest the declared results of the Iranian presidential election in Tehran, Iran, Saturday, June 13, 2009. (Ben Curtis, AP) ● The Iron Dome defense system fires to interecpt incoming missiles from Gaza in the port town of Ashdod, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012. (Tsafrir Abayov, AP)
October 10th, 2010
Netherlands Antilles are dissolved as a country.
Wikipedia Photo: Curaçao, an island in the southern Caribbean Sea, off the Venezuelan coast.
October 10th, 2015
Modern conflicts in the Middle East, social unrest and terrorist attacks:
2015 - Ankara bombings; Ankara, Turkey - Twin bomb blasts in the Turkish capital Ankara near the main train station leave at least 102 people dead and over 400 wounded.
Wikipedia Photo: Middle East satellite image, NASA. ● Camels are seen early morning on a beach in the Marina area of Dubai October 16, 2008. (Steve Crisp, Reuters) ● A portrait of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad burns during clashes between rebels and Syrian troops in Selehattin, near Aleppo, on July 23, 2012. (Bulent Kilic, AFP / GettyImages) ● Egyptians gather in their thousands in Tahrir Square to mark the one year anniversary of the revolution on Jan. 25, 2012 in Cairo Egypt. Tens of thousands have gathered in the square on the first anniversary of the Arab uprising which toppled President Hosni Mubarak. (Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images) ● Black smoke rises above the Tehran skyline as supporters of Mir Hossein Mousavi burn tires and other material in the streets as they fight running battles with police to protest the declared results of the Iranian presidential election in Tehran, Iran, Saturday, June 13, 2009. (Ben Curtis, AP) ● The Iron Dome defense system fires to interecpt incoming missiles from Gaza in the port town of Ashdod, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012. (Tsafrir Abayov, AP)