First Confidential

THIS DAY IN HISTORY - OCTOBER 1st

Yogi Berra, Quote

“When you come to a fork in the road, take it.”

“It ain't over 'till it's over.”

“It's déjà vu all over again.”

~ Yogi Berra

Wikiquote (Yogi Berra (Lawrence Peter "Yogi" Berra (born May 12, 1925) a former American Major League Baseball catcher, outfielder, and manager. He played almost his entire 19-year baseball career (1946 – 1965) for the New York Yankees. Berra is one of only four players to be named the Most Valuable Player of the American League three times and is one of seven managers to lead both American and National League teams to the World Series. As a player, coach, or manager, Berra appeared in 21 World Series. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1972.)

(Image: Yogi Berra: Eternal Yankee / Frank Galasso)

This Day in History

October 1st, 331 BC

Alexander the Great Alexander III of Macedon (July, 20/21, 356 – June 10/11, 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great from the Greek 'to defend, help' 'man', king of Macedon, a state in northern ancient Greece. Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela

331 BC - Battle of the Granicus: The Macedonian army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia.

Wikipedia  Image: Alexander the Great; Alexander III of Macedon (July, 20/21, 356 – June 10/11, 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great from the Greek 'to defend, help' 'man', king of Macedon, a state in northern ancient Greece. ● Statue of Alexander in Istanbul Archaeology Museum ● Alexander the Great Golden Bust, National Roman Museum, in Rome, Italy. ●
● Painting: Battle of Gaugamela, Flemish tapestry, first half of XVIII century.

October 1st, 959

Edgar the Peaceable becomes king of all England

Edgar the Peaceable becomes king of all England.

Wikipedia  Painting: Edgar "Peaceful", King of England / Saint Edward the Martyr (King of England, died Wareham).

October 1st, 1189

Crusades collage: Crusades were a series of religious expeditionary wars blessed by Pope Urban II and the Catholic Church, with the stated goal of restoring Christian access to the holy places in and near Jerusalem - Jerusalem considered a sacred city and symbol of all three major Abrahamic faiths (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) Third Crusade: Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Stefan Nemanja

Crusades:
1189 - Third Crusade: Siege of Acre; Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Knights Templar since 1184, is killed.

Wikipedia  Image: The Siege of Antioch, from a 15th-century miniature; After the successful siege of Jerusalem in 1099, Godfrey of Bouillon, leader of the First Crusade, became the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem; Baldwin I of Jerusalem; Medieval image of Peter the Hermit, leading knights, soldiers and women toward Jerusalem during the First Crusade; The Battle of Ager Sanguinis, 1337 miniature; Pope Innocent III excommunicating the Albigensians, Massacre against the Albigensians by the crusaders; The capture of Jerusalem marked the First Crusade's success. ● Third Crusade; Crusaders before battle of Hattin.

October 1st, 1800

Napoleonic Wars: (1803–15) were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions Treaty of San Ildefonso: Spain cedes Louisiana to France

Napoleonic Wars:
1795 - Belgium is conquered by France.
1800 - Treaty of San Ildefonso; Spain cedes Louisiana to France.

Wikipedia  Painting: Battle of Trafalgar: The British HMS Sandwich fires to the French flagship Bucentaure (completely dismasted) in the battle of Trafalgar; Napoleon in Berlin (Meynier). After defeating Prussian forces at Jena, the French Army entered Berlin on 27 October 1806; Battle of the Bridge of Arcole Napoleon Bonaparte leading his troops over the bridge of Arcole, by Horace Vernet; Napoleon as King of Italy (Appiani); Napoleon Crossing the Alps (David). In 1800 Bonaparte took the French Army across the Alps, eventually defeating the Austrians at Marengo; Charge of the Russian Imperial Guard cavalry against French cuirassiers at the Battle of Friedland, 14 June 1807; Battle of Borodino as depicted by Louis Lejeune. The battle was the largest and bloodiest single-day action of the Napoleonic Wars; Napoleon's withdrawal from Russia, a painting by Adolph Northen; Wellington at Waterloo by Robert Alexander Hillingford; Napoleon is often represented in his green colonel uniform of the Chasseur à Cheval, with a large bicorne and a hand-in-waistcoat gesture.
Painting / Map: Napoleon (Spain and France thought it to be worthless) / Louisiana Purchase and Territories.

October 1st, 1814

Napoleonic Wars: (1803–15) were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoléon the previous spring

French Revolutionary Wars / Napoleonic Wars:
1814 - War of the Sixth Coalition; Battle of Mormans (A coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, Spain and a number of German States finally defeated France and drove Napoleon into exile on Elba.)

Wikipedia  Painting: Battle of Trafalgar: The British HMS Sandwich fires to the French flagship Bucentaure (completely dismasted) in the battle of Trafalgar; Napoleon in Berlin (Meynier). After defeating Prussian forces at Jena, the French Army entered Berlin on 27 October 1806; Battle of the Bridge of Arcole Napoleon Bonaparte leading his troops over the bridge of Arcole, by Horace Vernet; Napoleon as King of Italy (Appiani); Napoleon Crossing the Alps (David). In 1800 Bonaparte took the French Army across the Alps, eventually defeating the Austrians at Marengo; Charge of the Russian Imperial Guard cavalry against French cuirassiers at the Battle of Friedland, 14 June 1807; Battle of Borodino as depicted by Louis Lejeune. The battle was the largest and bloodiest single-day action of the Napoleonic Wars; Napoleon's withdrawal from Russia, a painting by Adolph Northen; Wellington at Waterloo by Robert Alexander Hillingford; Napoleon is often represented in his green colonel uniform of the Chasseur à Cheval, with a large bicorne and a hand-in-waistcoat gesture.
Map: Europe after the Congress Of Vienna, credit University of Cambridge, Faculty of History.

October 1st, 1908

Ford puts the Model T car on the market at a price of U.S. $825

Ford puts the Model T car on the market at a price of U.S. $825.

Wikipedia  Photo: Ford Model T-100 / Assembly line for the Ford Model T

October 1st, 1969

Concorde breaks the sound barrier for the first time

Concorde breaks the sound barrier for the first time.

Wikipedia  Photo: Concorde, one of the wonders of the modern technical world, the first commercially successful airliner capable of speeds in excess of Mach 2 (twice the speed of sound) credit Heritage Concorde

October 1st, 1982

The first Compact Discs (CDs) are released to the public in Germany ● Sony CDP-101

Sony launches the first consumer compact disc (CD) player (model CDP-101.

Wikipedia  Photo: Compact_Disc, The readable surface of a Compact Disc includes a spiral track wound tightly enough to cause light to diffract into a full visible spectrum
Sony launches the first consumer compact disc (CD) player - CDP-101.

October 1st, 2017

List of modern conflicts in the Middle East

Modern conflicts in the Middle East, social unrest and terrorist attacks:
2017 - Las Vegas shooting; Las Vegas, Nevada - Fifty-eight people are killed and 851 others injured in a mass shooting on a country music festival at the Las Vegas Strip; the gunman, Stephen Paddock, later commits suicide.
2015 - Umpqua Community College shooting; Roseburg, Oregon - A gunman kills nine people at a community college.
2001 - Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing; Srinagar, Kashmir - Militants attack the state legislature building killing 38.

Wikipedia  Photo: Middle East satellite image, NASA. ● Camels are seen early morning on a beach in the Marina area of Dubai October 16, 2008. (Steve Crisp, Reuters) ● A portrait of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad burns during clashes between rebels and Syrian troops in Selehattin, near Aleppo, on July 23, 2012. (Bulent Kilic, AFP / GettyImages) ● Egyptians gather in their thousands in Tahrir Square to mark the one year anniversary of the revolution on Jan. 25, 2012 in Cairo Egypt. Tens of thousands have gathered in the square on the first anniversary of the Arab uprising which toppled President Hosni Mubarak. (Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images) ● Black smoke rises above the Tehran skyline as supporters of Mir Hossein Mousavi burn tires and other material in the streets as they fight running battles with police to protest the declared results of the Iranian presidential election in Tehran, Iran, Saturday, June 13, 2009. (Ben Curtis, AP) ● The Iron Dome defense system fires to interecpt incoming missiles from Gaza in the port town of Ashdod, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012. (Tsafrir Abayov, AP)