First Confidential

THIS DAY IN HISTORY - SEPTEMBER 29th

Miguel de Cervantes, Quote

“By a small sample we may judge of the whole piece.”

~ Don Quixote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes

Wikiquote (Miguel de Cervantes (Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra; September 29, 1547 (assumed) – April 22, 1616) a Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright. His magnum opus, Don Quixote, considered to be the first modern European novel, is a classic of Western literature, and is regarded amongst the best works of fiction ever written. His influence on the Spanish language has been so great that the language is often called la lengua de Cervantes ("the language of Cervantes"). He was dubbed El Príncipe de los Ingenios ("The Prince of Wits").)

This Day in History

September 29th, 480 BC

Greece satellite image, credit NASA; Acrocorinth, looking north towards the Gulf of Corinth; Temple of Apollo Ancient Corinth; Early morning lightning illuminates the sky over the 2,500-year-old Ancient Parthenon temple, at the Acropolis hill during a heavy rainfall in Athens Battle of Salamis: The Greek fleet under Themistocles defeats the Persian fleet under Xerxes I

Ancient Greece:
480 BC - Battle of Salamis: The Greek fleet under Themistocles defeats the Persian fleet under Xerxes I.

Wikipedia  Image: Greece satellite image, credit NASA; Acrocorinth, looking north towards the Gulf of Corinth; The Acrocorinth in the background, behind the Temple of Apollo; Temple of Apollo Ancient Corinth; Early morning lightning illuminates the sky over the 2,500-year-old Ancient Parthenon temple, at the Acropolis hill during a heavy rainfall in Athens. ● The Battle of Salamis, one of the major turning points of European History - marking the day that a small alliance of free states saved Europe from subjugation and enslavement by barbarians sweeping westward from Asia, and starting a distinctive European culture. credit Oxford University Computing Services.


September 29th, 61 BC

Mithridatic Wars: Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday

Mithridatic Wars: Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.

Wikipedia  Photo: Roman statue of Pompey, at the Villa Arconati a Castellazzo di Bollate (Milan, Italy). It was brought there from Rome in 1627 by Galeazzo Arconati.


September 29th, 1227

Crusades collage: Crusades were a series of religious expeditionary wars blessed by Pope Urban II and the Catholic Church, with the stated goal of restoring Christian access to the holy places in and near Jerusalem - Jerusalem considered a sacred city and symbol of all three major Abrahamic faiths (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) Crusades: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades

Crusades:
1227 - Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades

Wikipedia  Image: The Siege of Antioch, from a 15th-century miniature; After the successful siege of Jerusalem in 1099, Godfrey of Bouillon, leader of the First Crusade, became the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem; Baldwin I of Jerusalem; Medieval image of Peter the Hermit, leading knights, soldiers and women toward Jerusalem during the First Crusade; The Battle of Ager Sanguinis, 1337 miniature; Pope Innocent III excommunicating the Albigensians, Massacre against the Albigensians by the crusaders; The capture of Jerusalem marked the First Crusade's success. ● Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signs ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem.


September 29th, 1364

Hundred Years' War: Treaty of Brétigny; is ratified at Calais, marking the end of the first phase of the Hundred Years' War Hundred Years' War: Breton War of Succession;  Battle of Auray, English forces defeat the French in Brittany

Hundred Years' War:
1364 - Breton War of Succession; Battle of Auray, English forces defeat the French in Brittany.

Wikipedia  Painting: "Morning of the Battle of Agincourt, 25th October 1415", painted by Sir John Gilbert; Joan of Arc's Death at the Stake, by Hermann Stilke (1843); King Henry V at the Battle of Agincourt, 1415, by Sir John Gilbert; Joan of Arc enters Orléans (painting by J.J. Sherer, 1887); Joan interrogated in her prison cell by Cardinal Winchester. By Hippolyte Delaroche, 1824, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Rouen, France.
Breton War of Succession.


September 29th, 1789

United States Department of War first establishes a regular army - 1st United States Congress adjourns

United States Department of War first establishes a regular army with a strength of several hundred men. United States Congress adjourns.

Wikipedia  Painting: The First Continental Congress began with prayer led by Chaplain Jacob Duché at Carpenter's Hall in Philadelphia in September 1774.
First United States Congress, 1789.


September 29th, 1918

World War I: Collage World War I: Battle of St. Quentin Canal; The Hindenburg Line is broken by Allied forces. Bulgaria signs an armistice

World War I:
1918 - Battle of Saint Quentin Canal; the Hindenburg Line is broken by Allied forces. Bulgaria signs an armistice.

Wikipedia  Photo: Trenches on the Western Front; a British Mark IV Tank crossing a trench; Royal Navy battleship HMS Irresistible sinking after striking a mine at the Battle of the Dardanelles; a Vickers machine gun crew with gas masks, and German Albatros D.III biplanes. National Archives and Records Administration.
● Painting: Breaking the Hindenburg Line by William Longstaff.


September 29th, 1941

World War II, The Holocaust

World War II: Holocaust;
1941 - In Kyiv, Ukraine: German Einsatzgruppe C begins the Babyn Yar massacre, according to the Einsatzgruppe operational situation report.

Wikipedia  Photo: World War II, The Holocaust. Sources: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum USHMM, History 1900s, Internet Masters of Education Technology IMET, Techno Friends, Veterans Today, Concern.


September 29th, 1949

China: the world's most populous country, covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometres, second-largest country by land area (China from NASA Wordwind Satellite; Great Wall of China, credit National Geographic; LongJi Terrace, credit National Geographic; Great Bear Rainforest, credit Paul Nicklen, National Geographic; Platoons of clay soldiers were buried with China's first emperor, Qin Shi Huang Di, (required a labor force of 700,000 to build), credit O. Louis Mazzatenta, National Geographic) The Communist Party of China is founded

China - Three Kingdoms period:
1949 - Communist Party of China writes the Common Programme for the future People's Republic of China.

Wikipedia  Photo: China from NASA Wordwind Satellite; © Great Wall of China, credit National Geographic; LongJi Terrace, credit National Geographic; Great Bear Rainforest, credit Paul Nicklen, National Geographic; Platoons of clay soldiers were buried with China's first emperor, Qin Shi Huang Di, (required a labor force of 700,000 to build), credit O. Louis Mazzatenta, National Geographic.


September 29th, 1966

Chevrolet Camaro, originally named Panther is introduced

Chevrolet Camaro, originally named Panther, is introduced.

Wikipedia  Photo: Chevrolet Camaro 1967 / 2013.


September 29th, 1990

YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time

The YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time.

Wikipedia  Photo: F-22 Raptor over Alaska.


September 29th, 2009

Global Earthquake epicenters

Earthquake:
2009 - Samoa earthquake; An 8.0 magnitude earthquake near the Samoan Islands causes a tsunami.

Wikipedia  Image: Preliminary Determination of Epicenters / Aleppo Syria; Anchorage, Alaska - March 28, 1964 Prince William Sound USA earthquake and tsunami; 8.9 Mega Earthquake Strikes Japan; Tsunami Swirls Japan's Ibaraki Prefecture March 12 2011. credit NOAA / NGDC, NOAA National Geophysical Data Center, USGS, National Geographics.


September 29th, 2013

List of modern conflicts in the Middle East

Modern conflicts in the Middle East, social unrest and terrorist attacks:
2013 - Gujba college massacre; Over 42 people are killed by members of Boko Haram at the College of Agriculture in Gujba, Nigeria.

Wikipedia  Photo: Middle East satellite image, NASA. ● Camels are seen early morning on a beach in the Marina area of Dubai October 16, 2008. (Steve Crisp, Reuters) ● A portrait of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad burns during clashes between rebels and Syrian troops in Selehattin, near Aleppo, on July 23, 2012. (Bulent Kilic, AFP / GettyImages) ● Egyptians gather in their thousands in Tahrir Square to mark the one year anniversary of the revolution on Jan. 25, 2012 in Cairo Egypt. Tens of thousands have gathered in the square on the first anniversary of the Arab uprising which toppled President Hosni Mubarak. (Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images) ● Black smoke rises above the Tehran skyline as supporters of Mir Hossein Mousavi burn tires and other material in the streets as they fight running battles with police to protest the declared results of the Iranian presidential election in Tehran, Iran, Saturday, June 13, 2009. (Ben Curtis, AP) ● The Iron Dome defense system fires to interecpt incoming missiles from Gaza in the port town of Ashdod, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012. (Tsafrir Abayov, AP)