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“At least two thirds of our miseries spring from human stupidity, human malice and those great motivators and justifiers of malice and stupidity, idealism, dogmatism and proselytizing zeal on behalf of religious or political idols.”
~ Aldous Huxley
Wikiquote (Aldous Huxley (Aldous Leonard Huxley (July 26, 1894 – November 22, 1963) was an English writer and one of the most prominent members of the famous Huxley family. Best known for his novels including Brave New World and a wide-ranging output of essays, Huxley also edited the magazine Oxford Poetry, and published short stories, poetry, travel writing, film stories and scripts. Huxley spent the later part of his life in the United States, living in Los Angeles from 1937 until his death..)
September 22nd, 66
Roman Empire:
Roman Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica.
Wikipedia Photo: ● Ancient roman statue ● Detail of Head from Roman Statue of Antinous, credit Corbis ● Statue of Neptune, Trevi Fountain, Rome ● International Sand Sculpture Festival, FIESA 7 ancient Rome.
Great Fire of Rome; The Torches of Nero, by Henryk Siemiradzki. According to Tacitus, Nero targeted Christians as those responsible for the fire.
September 22nd, 1236
Battle of Saule: The Lithuanians and Semigallians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the Sword.
Wikipedia Image: Lithuania (Republic of Lithuania) is a country in Northern Europe, the largest of the three Baltic states. ● Trakai Island Castle Photo: ● Hill of Crosses (more than 50,000 crosses, not a cemetery) ● Vilnius ● Battle of Grunwald and Vytautas the Great in the centre.
September 22nd, 1499
Treaty of Basel: Switzerland becomes an independent state.
Wikipedia Photo: Pastoral beauty of the Swiss Alps invites visitors to explore its fields and crag, by James P. Blairs / Bohemian Switzerland National Park is part of a larger geological formation known as the Elbe Sandstones, by Alexander Borais
September 22nd, 1692
Salem witch trials: Last people hanged for witchcraft in Britain's North American colonies.
Wikipedia Painting: "Examination of a Witch" in Salem; Salem Witchcraft Trials 1692
September 22nd, 1776
American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale is hanged for spying.
Wikipedia Photo: Nathan Hale, City Hall Park, New York
September 22nd, 1789
United States Postmaster General is established.
Wikipedia Image: Samuel Osgood - Post Office and the Constitution
September 22nd, 1862
Slavery in the United States: a preliminary version of the Emancipation Proclamation: is released.
Wikipedia Painting: First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln by Francis Bicknell Carpenter
September 22nd, 1888
National Geographic Magazine: first issue is published.
Wikipedia Photo: Sharbat Gula in the front cover of the June 1985 issue of the magazine.
September 22nd, 1896
Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather King George III as the longest reigning monarch in British history.
Wikipedia Painting: Queen Victoria's family in 1846 left to right: Prince Alfred and the Prince of Wales; the Queen and Prince Albert; Princesses Alice, Helena and Victoria, by Franz Xaver Winterhalter
September 22nd, 1919
"Steel strike of 1919:" Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, begins in Pennsylvania before spreading across the United States.
Wikipedia Photo: 1919 Cleveland had eighteen steel mills in operation. Sixteen of those mills ceased operation once the steel strike began in September of 1919.
September 22nd, 1927
"Jack Dempsey" loses the "Long Count" boxing match to Gene Tunney.
Wikipedia Photo: Jack Dempsey / Gene Tunney wearing his evening best. Library of Congress.
September 22nd, 1939
World War II: Invasion of Poland; Joint victory parade of Soviet Red Army and Nazi Wehrmacht at the end of the invasion of Poland.
Wikipedia Photo: The Royal Castle in Warsaw on fire after being shelled by the Germans
September 22nd, 1941
World War II: Holocaust;
1941 - Jewish New Year Day, the Nazi SS murder 6,000 Jews in Vinnytsya, Ukraine. (Those are the survivors of the previous killings that took place a few days earlier in which about 24,000 Jews were executed.)
Wikipedia Photo: World War II, The Holocaust. Sources: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum USHMM, History 1900s, Internet Masters of Education Technology IMET, Techno Friends, Veterans Today, Concern.
September 22nd, 1965
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 - Dispute over Kashmir: between India and Pakistan ends after the United Nations calls for a cease-fire.
Wikipedia Photo: Ninth-highest: Nanga Parbat, a dangerous mountain to climb, is in the Kashmiri region of Gilgit–Baltistan in Pakistan
September 22nd, 1980
Iran–Iraq War: Iraq invades Iran.
Wikipedia Photo: Iran–Iraq War (also known as the First Persian Gulf War and by various other names) was an armed conflict between the armed forces of Iraq and Iran, lasting from September 1980 to August 1988, making it the longest conventional war of the 20th century.
September 22nd, 1991
Dead Sea Scrolls are made available to the public for the first time by the Huntington Library.
Wikipedia Photo: Qumran cave 4, in which ninety percent of the scrolls were found / Dead Sea Scrolls
September 22nd, 1993
Aviation accidents and incidents:
1993 - Transair Georgian Airlines Tu-154 is shot down by a missile in Sukhumi, Georgia.
Wikipedia Photo: ● Pan AM 747 ● U.S. Airways flight 1549 also known as the "Miracle on the Hudson" navigates an exit ramp near Burlington, New Jersey, June 5, 2011 ● Passengers stand on the wings of a U.S. Airways plane as a ferry pulls up to it after it landed in the Hudson River in New York, Reuters ● US Airways plane crashes into New York Hudson River, Photo: AP
September 22nd, 1995
Nagerkovil school bombing, is carried out by Sri Lankan Air Force in which at least 34 die, most of them ethnic Tamil school children.
Wikipedia Photo: Tamil school children.
September 22nd, 2011
CERN scientists announce their discovery of neutrinos breaking the speed of light.
Wikipedia Photo: Hadron Collider, Boston Globe.
September 22nd, 2013
Modern conflicts in the Middle East, social unrest and terrorist attacks:
2013 - Peshawar church attack; At least 75 people are killed in a suicide bombing at a church in Peshawar, Pakistan.
Wikipedia Photo: Middle East satellite image, NASA. ● Camels are seen early morning on a beach in the Marina area of Dubai October 16, 2008. (Steve Crisp, Reuters) ● A portrait of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad burns during clashes between rebels and Syrian troops in Selehattin, near Aleppo, on July 23, 2012. (Bulent Kilic, AFP / GettyImages) ● Egyptians gather in their thousands in Tahrir Square to mark the one year anniversary of the revolution on Jan. 25, 2012 in Cairo Egypt. Tens of thousands have gathered in the square on the first anniversary of the Arab uprising which toppled President Hosni Mubarak. (Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images) ● Black smoke rises above the Tehran skyline as supporters of Mir Hossein Mousavi burn tires and other material in the streets as they fight running battles with police to protest the declared results of the Iranian presidential election in Tehran, Iran, Saturday, June 13, 2009. (Ben Curtis, AP) ● The Iron Dome defense system fires to interecpt incoming missiles from Gaza in the port town of Ashdod, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012. (Tsafrir Abayov, AP)