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“We don't see things as they are, we see things as we are.”
~ Anaïs Nin
Wikiquote (Anaïs Nin [born Angela Anais Juana Antolina Rosa Edelmira Nin y Culmell] (February 21, 1903 - January 14, 1977) was a French-born author of Spanish, Cuban, and Danish descent who became famous for her published journals, which span more than sixty years, and for her erotica.)
September 14th, 81
Roman Empire:
81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus.
Wikipedia Image: Relief from a 3rd-century sarcophagus depicting a battle between Romans and Germanic warriors; the central figure is perhaps the emperor Hostilian / Depiction of the Menorah on the Arch of Titus in Rome.
September 14th, 786
Night of the three Caliphs: Harun al-Rashid becomes the Abbasid caliph.
Wikipedia Painting: During the reign of the Harun al-Rashid, the city of Baghdad began to flourish as a center of knowledge, culture and trade.
September 14th, 1752
British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (the previous day was September 2).
Wikipedia Image: Detail of the tomb of Pope Gregory XIII celebrating the introduction of the Gregorian calendar.
September 14th, 1808
Finnish War: Battle of Oravais; Russians defeat the Swedes in the bloody Battle of Oravais.
Wikipedia Painting: Battle of Oravais
September 14th, 1812
French Revolutionary Wars / Napoleonic Wars:
1812 - Fire of Moscow (1812); French grenadiers enter Moscow, and burning of Moscow begins as soon as Russian troops leave the city.
Wikipedia Painting: Battle of Trafalgar: The British HMS Sandwich fires to the French flagship Bucentaure (completely dismasted) in the battle of Trafalgar;
Napoleon in Berlin (Meynier). After defeating Prussian forces at Jena, the French Army entered Berlin on 27 October 1806;
Battle of the Bridge of Arcole Napoleon Bonaparte leading his troops over the bridge of Arcole, by Horace Vernet;
Napoleon as King of Italy (Appiani);
Napoleon Crossing the Alps (David). In 1800 Bonaparte took the French Army across the Alps, eventually defeating the Austrians at Marengo;
Charge of the Russian Imperial Guard cavalry against French cuirassiers at the Battle of Friedland, 14 June 1807;
Battle of Borodino as depicted by Louis Lejeune. The battle was the largest and bloodiest single-day action of the Napoleonic Wars;
Napoleon's withdrawal from Russia, a painting by Adolph Northen;
Wellington at Waterloo by Robert Alexander Hillingford;
Napoleon is often represented in his green colonel uniform of the Chasseur à Cheval, with a large bicorne and a hand-in-waistcoat gesture.
Fire of Moscow (1812); French grenadiers enter Moscow, and burning of Moscow begins as soon as Russian troops leave the city.
September 14th, 1814
War of 1812: The poem Defence of Fort McHenry is written by Francis Scott Key. The poem is later used as the lyrics of The Star-Spangled Banner.
Wikipedia Painting: "The Star Spangled Banner" bombardment of Fort McHenry ending the Chesapeake campaign and helped win the United States recognition as a world power (also inspiring our National Anthem)
September 14th, 1829
Russo-Turkish War: Treaty of Adrianople; is signed by the Ottoman Empire with Russia ending the war.
Wikipedia Painting: Russo-Turkish War; Action of May 26, 1829, by Nikolay Krasovsky
September 14th, 1847
Mexican-American War: Winfield Scott captures Mexico City.
Wikipedia Painting: Battle of Cerro Gordo during Mexican-American War, credit National Parks System; Winfield Scott marching into Mexico City, by William Ellis.
September 14th, 1862
American Civil War:
1862 - Maryland Campaign; Battle of South Mountain, Union General George B. McClellan and Confederate General Robert E. Lee fight three pitched battles for possession of three South Mountain passes.
Wikipedia Image: ● Lincoln Memorial; an American national monument built to honor the 16th President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln - located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. across from the Washington Monument.
● The northern army led by George McClellan and the southern army led by Robert E. Lee met at Antietam Creek, Maryland in September, 1862. It was a bloody battle where 13,000 Confederates and 12,000 Union troops died in just one day. McClellan had hesitated to attack before the battle thus letting the southern troops regroup. Also, he had saved reserves and refused to use them at the end of the battle thinking that Lee was holding reserves for a counterattack, even though those reserves didn't exist. The Union victory stopped Lee's northward advance and was a turning point in the war.
● Battle of Antietam / Stone Bridge at Antietam Battlefield - Sharpsburg, Maryland
● First Battle Between Ironclads: CSS Virginia/Merrimac (left) vs. USS Monitor, in 1862 at the Battle of Hampton Roads.
● Although photography was still in its infancy, war correspondents produced thousands of images, bringing the harsh realities of the frontlines to those on the home front in a new and visceral way. The Atlantic.
September 14th, 1901
President of the United States William McKinley dies after an assassination attempt on September 6, and is succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt.
Wikipedia Painting: United States President Theodore Roosevelt 1901-1908: Twenty-sixth president. Led fight against collusive restraint of trade by big business.
September 14th, 1917
Russia is officially proclaimed a republic.
Wikipedia Photo: Vladimir Lenin The Flag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
September 14th, 1944
World War II: Maastricht becomes the first Dutch city to be liberated by allied forces.
Wikipedia Photo: Maastricht, Netherlands.
September 14th, 1954
Soviet Tu-4 bomber drops a 40 kiloton just north of Totskoye village, exposing some 45,000 soldiers and 10,000 civilians to nuclear fallout.
Wikipedia Photo: Nuclear Test in Totskoye in 1954
September 14th, 1987
1987 - Toronto Blue Jays set a record for the most home runs in a single game, hitting 10 of them.
1994 - Major League Baseball season is canceled because of a strike
Wikipedia Photo: Toronto Blue Jays
September 14th, 2001
Historic National Prayer Service held at Washington National Cathedral for victims of the September 11 attacks.
Wikipedia Photo: September 11 Attacks: From top to bottom: the World Trade Center burning; Trinity Cathedral; Statue of Liberty; a section of the Pentagon collapses; 9/11 memorial service.
September 14th, 2008
Aviation accidents and incidents:
2008 - Aeroflot Flight 821; All 88 people on board are killed when the plane crashes on approach to Perm Airport.
Wikipedia Photo: ● Pan AM 747 ● U.S. Airways flight 1549 also known as the "Miracle on the Hudson" navigates an exit ramp near Burlington, New Jersey, June 5, 2011 ● Passengers stand on the wings of a U.S. Airways plane as a ferry pulls up to it after it landed in the Hudson River in New York, Reuters ● US Airways plane crashes into New York Hudson River, Photo: AP