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“Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, 'This was their finest hour'.”
~ Winston Churchill
Wikiquote (Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, DL, FRS, Hon. RA (November 30, 1874 – January 24, 1965) was a British politician, best known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. Widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the 20th century, he served as Prime Minister twice (1940–45 and 1951–55).)
● Never was so much owed by so many to so few - Winston Churchill Speeches, Youtube 
July 23rd, 1632
New France: Three hundred colonists departs from Dieppe, France to North America.
Wikipedia Image: A Map of New France Containing Canada, Louisiana in North America (According to the Patent granted by the King of France to Monsieur Crozart, dated the 14th of Sept 1712), credit Rare Maps.
July 23rd, 1677
Scanian War: Denmark–Norway captures the harbor town of Marstrand from Sweden.
Wikipedia Painting: File:Danish invasion fleet navy heading for Scania, 1676 ● Battle of Køge Bay ● Battle of Landskrona ● D Charles XI at the Battle of Lund
July 23rd, 1793
French Revolutionary Wars / Napoleonic Wars:
1793 - Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
Wikipedia Painting: Battle of Trafalgar: The British HMS Sandwich fires to the French flagship Bucentaure (completely dismasted) in the battle of Trafalgar;
Napoleon in Berlin (Meynier). After defeating Prussian forces at Jena, the French Army entered Berlin on 27 October 1806;
Battle of the Bridge of Arcole Napoleon Bonaparte leading his troops over the bridge of Arcole, by Horace Vernet;
Napoleon as King of Italy (Appiani);
Napoleon Crossing the Alps (David). In 1800 Bonaparte took the French Army across the Alps, eventually defeating the Austrians at Marengo;
Charge of the Russian Imperial Guard cavalry against French cuirassiers at the Battle of Friedland, 14 June 1807;
Battle of Borodino as depicted by Louis Lejeune. The battle was the largest and bloodiest single-day action of the Napoleonic Wars;
Napoleon's withdrawal from Russia, a painting by Adolph Northen;
Wellington at Waterloo by Robert Alexander Hillingford;
Napoleon is often represented in his green colonel uniform of the Chasseur à Cheval, with a large bicorne and a hand-in-waistcoat gesture.
Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay).
July 23rd, 1829
William Austin Burt, Mt. Vernon, Michigan: patents the typographer, a precursor to the typewriter.
Wikipedia Image: In 1829, William Austin Burt patented a machine called the "Typographer"
July 23rd, 1903
Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
Wikipedia Photo: The Willaim L. Hughson Co. sold this 1903 Ford Model A (among the very first Ford Motor Co. cars sold). A representative from Hughson’s dealership is pictured behind the wheel. Old Cars Weekly ● 1903 Ford Model A Runabout Red
July 23rd, 1914
World War I:
1914 - July Ultimatum: precursor to World War I: Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia to allow the Austrians to determine who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. (Serbia will reject those demands and Austria will declare war on July 28.)
Wikipedia Photo: Trenches on the Western Front; a British Mark IV Tank crossing a trench; Royal Navy battleship HMS Irresistible sinking after striking a mine at the Battle of the Dardanelles; a Vickers machine gun crew with gas masks, and German Albatros D.III biplanes. National Archives and Records Administration.
July 23rd, 1926
Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
Wikipedia Photo: 1926: Breaking the Sound Barrier. Fox Film Corporation buys Movietone
July 23rd, 1929
The Fascist government in Italy bans the use of foreign words.
Wikipedia Photo: Benito Mussolini dissolves Italian parliament, becomes dictator January 1925. The Fascist government in Italy bans the use of foreign words July 1929.
July 23rd, 1940
World War II:
1940 - United States' Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles issues a declaration on the U.S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
1942 - The German offensives Operation Edelweiss and Operation Braunschweig begin.
1942 - Nikola Vaptsarov Bulgarian poet and Communist leader is executed by firing squad.
Post World War II:
1945 - Philippe Pétain: legal processes against Philippe Pétain begin.
Wikipedia Photo: Bombing of Dresden in World War II; August Schreitmüller's sculpture 'Goodness' surveys Dresden after a firestorm started by Allied bombers in 1945.
USS Bunker Hill was hit by kamikazes piloted by Ensign Kiyoshi Ogawa and another airman on 11 May 1945. 389 personnel were killed or missing from a crew of 2,600; Ensign Kiyoshi Ogawa, who flew his aircraft into the USS Bunker Hill during a Kamikaze mission on 11 May 1945; Kamikaze Missions - Lt Yoshinori Yamaguchi's Yokosuka D4Y3 (Type 33 Suisei) "Judy" in a suicide dive against USS Essex. The dive brakes are extended and the non-self-sealing port wing tank is trailing fuel vapor and/or smoke 25 November 1944.
German V1 flying-bomb and V2 Rockets - Preparations for a Salvo Launch of V-2 Rockets in the Heidelager near Blizna (Poland) (1944), credit German History in Documents and Images GHDI.
Eastern Front (World War II); Germans race towards Stalingrad. August 1942; Soviet children during a German air raid in the first days of the war, June 1941, by RIA Novosti archive; Soviet sniper Roza Shanina in 1944. About 400,000 Soviet women served in front-line duty units Caucasus Mountains, winter 1942/43; Finnish ski patrol: the invisible enemy of the Soviet Army with an unlimited supply of skis; Men of the German Engineers Corps cross a river which is swollen after the first autumn rains, to strengthen bridges linking the German positions on the central front in Russia. by Keystone / Getty Images. October 1942; Russian snipers fighting on the Leningrad front during a blizzard. Photo by Hulton Archive / Getty Images, 1943; German soldiers surrendering to the Russians in Stalingrad, the soldier holding the white flag of surrender is dressed in white so that there could be no doubt of his intentions, a Russian soldier is on the right of the photograph. by Keystone / Getty Images, January 1943.
July 23rd, 1942
World War II: Holocaust;
1942 - Extermination camp is opened.
Wikipedia Photo: World War II, The Holocaust. Sources: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum USHMM, History 1900s, Internet Masters of Education Technology IMET, Techno Friends, Veterans Today, Concern.
July 23rd, 1952
European Coal and Steel community: is established.
Wikipedia Photo: European Coal and Steel community; Headquarters of the High Authority in Luxembourg.
July 23rd, 1952
Free Officers Movement: (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the real power behind the coup) in overthrowing King Farouk of Egypt.
Wikipedia Image: Gamal Abdel Nasser 2nd President of Egypt, 1st President of the United Arab Republic (UAR), Robert Vickrey, Time Cover (March 29, 1963).
July 23rd, 1962
Telstar relays the first publicly transmitted, live trans-Atlantic television program, featuring Walter Cronkite.
Wikipedia Image: Walter Cronkite’s title as the “Most Trusted Man in America”, Time Magazine Cover.
July 23rd, 1967
12th Street Riot: in Detroit, Michigan one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city. It will leave 43 killed, 342 injured and 1,400 buildings burned.
Wikipedia Photo: 1967 Detroit Riots
July 23rd, 1982
International Whaling Commission: decides to end commercial whaling by 1985-86.
Wikipedia Photo: Humpback Whale
July 23rd, 1995
Comet Hale-Bopp is discovered; it will become visible to the naked eye nearly a year later.
Wikipedia Comet Hale–Bopp, as seen on 29 March 1997 in Pazin, Croatia
July 23rd, 1999
Aircraft hijacking:
1999 - ANA Flight 61 is hijacked in Tokyo, Japan
Wikipedia Photo: Hijacked Sudan passenger jet lands in Libya, August 27, 2008; Amsterdam false alarm revives airplane hijacking memories, Passengers leave a Vueling plane at a field near Amsterdam Airport after a hijack scare last week that led the Netherlands to scramble F-16 fighter jets, September 2, 2012 Reuters; Egypt Air flight 648 was hijacked in November 1985 by the terrorist Abu Nidal organisation, credit AP; Cockpit section of Pan Am 103 wreckage following a mid-air explosion, December 21, 1988; 747 Pan Am airliner that exploded and crashed over Lockerbie, Scotland, with 259 passengers on board in 1988; Debris lies in a deep gash through the town of Lockerbie, Scotland, caused by the crash of Pan Am flight 103, credit AP; Flight 175 hits the WTC South Tower. The picture was taken from a traffic helicopter. credit: WABC 7/ Salient Stills; Hijacked United Airlines Flight 175 from Boston crashes into the South Tower of the World Trade Center and explodes at 9:03 a.m. on September 11, 2001 in New York City, credit Spencer Platt / Getty Images.
July 23rd, 2016
Modern conflicts in the Middle East, social unrest and terrorist attacks:
2016 - Kabul, Afghanistan; twin bombing occurred in the vicinity of Deh Mazang when protesters, mostly from the Shiite Hazara minority, were marching against route changing of the TUTAP power project. At least 80 people were killed and 260 were injured.
2012 - Iraq attacks; At least 107 people are killed and more than 250 others wounded in a string of bombings and attacks in Iraq.
2005 - Sharm el-Sheikh attacks; Three bombs explode in the Naama Bay area of Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, killing 88 people.
Wikipedia Photo: Middle East satellite image, NASA. ● Camels are seen early morning on a beach in the Marina area of Dubai October 16, 2008. (Steve Crisp, Reuters) ● A portrait of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad burns during clashes between rebels and Syrian troops in Selehattin, near Aleppo, on July 23, 2012. (Bulent Kilic, AFP / GettyImages) ● Egyptians gather in their thousands in Tahrir Square to mark the one year anniversary of the revolution on Jan. 25, 2012 in Cairo Egypt. Tens of thousands have gathered in the square on the first anniversary of the Arab uprising which toppled President Hosni Mubarak. (Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images) ● Black smoke rises above the Tehran skyline as supporters of Mir Hossein Mousavi burn tires and other material in the streets as they fight running battles with police to protest the declared results of the Iranian presidential election in Tehran, Iran, Saturday, June 13, 2009. (Ben Curtis, AP) ● The Iron Dome defense system fires to interecpt incoming missiles from Gaza in the port town of Ashdod, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012. (Tsafrir Abayov, AP)