First Confidential

THIS DAY IN HISTORY - JUNE 28th

This Day in History

June 28th, 1098

Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosull

Crusades:
1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosull.

Wikipedia  Image: The Siege of Antioch, from a 15th-century miniature; After the successful siege of Jerusalem in 1099, Godfrey of Bouillon, leader of the First Crusade, became the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem; Baldwin I of Jerusalem; Medieval image of Peter the Hermit, leading knights, soldiers and women toward Jerusalem during the First Crusade; The Battle of Ager Sanguinis, 1337 miniature; Pope Innocent III excommunicating the Albigensians, Massacre against the Albigensians by the crusaders; The capture of Jerusalem marked the First Crusade's success.

June 28th, 1461

Edward IV is crowned King of England

Edward IV is crowned King of England.

Wikipedia  Painting: Edward IV of England ● Coat of arms of King Edward IV ● Coat of arms of King Edward IV, from one of his manuscripts

June 28th, 1776

The Battle of Sullivan's Island ends with the first decisive victory in the American Revolutionary War

American Revolutionary War:
1776 - Battle of Sullivan's Island; ends with the first decisive victory in the American Revolutionary War leading to the commemoration of Carolina Day.
1776 - Thomas Hickey, Continental Army private and bodyguard to General George Washington, is hanged for mutiny and sedition.
1778 - Battle of Monmouth; The American Continentals engage the British resulting in standstill and withdrawel under cover of darkness.

Wikipedia  Paintings: Washington Crossing the Delaware, by Emanuel Leutz; Battle of the Chesapeake, French (left) and British (right) lines; Battle of Bunker Hill, The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker Hill by John Trumbull; The Defeat of the Floating Batteries at Gibraltar, September 13, 1782, by John Singleton Copley; Washington and the Comte de Rochambeau at Yorktown, 1781; "The surrender at Saratoga" shows General Daniel Morgan in front of a French de Vallière 4-pounder; Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown by (John Trumbull, 1797).

June 28th, 1807

Napoleonic Wars: (1803–15) were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions French Revolutionary Wars, Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay): Battle begins when a British fleet engages the French Revolutionary Navy fleet in an unusual night action

French Revolutionary Wars / Napoleonic Wars:
1807 - British invasion of the Río de la Plata: John Whitelock lands at Ensenada on an attempt to recapture Buenos Aires and is defeated by the locals.

Wikipedia  Painting: Battle of Trafalgar: The British HMS Sandwich fires to the French flagship Bucentaure (completely dismasted) in the battle of Trafalgar; Napoleon in Berlin (Meynier). After defeating Prussian forces at Jena, the French Army entered Berlin on 27 October 1806; Battle of the Bridge of Arcole Napoleon Bonaparte leading his troops over the bridge of Arcole, by Horace Vernet; Napoleon as King of Italy (Appiani); Napoleon Crossing the Alps (David). In 1800 Bonaparte took the French Army across the Alps, eventually defeating the Austrians at Marengo; Charge of the Russian Imperial Guard cavalry against French cuirassiers at the Battle of Friedland, 14 June 1807; Battle of Borodino as depicted by Louis Lejeune. The battle was the largest and bloodiest single-day action of the Napoleonic Wars; Napoleon's withdrawal from Russia, a painting by Adolph Northen; Wellington at Waterloo by Robert Alexander Hillingford; Napoleon is often represented in his green colonel uniform of the Chasseur à Cheval, with a large bicorne and a hand-in-waistcoat gesture.
Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay).

June 28th, 1841

The Paris Opera Ballet premieres Giselle in the Salle Le Peletier on June 28th, 1841.

The Paris Opera Ballet premieres Giselle in the Salle Le Peletier.

Wikipedia  Painting: Paris Opera Ballet; The Théâtre Impérial de l’Opéra, the official title of the Paris Opera at that time (ca. 1865) ● Grande Salle of the theatre during a performance of a ballet (1864) ● Ballet at the Paris Opera, 1877, Edgar Degas. French (1834 - 1917)

June 28th, 1846

The saxophone is patented by Adolphe Sax in Paris, France

The saxophone is patented by Adolphe Sax in Paris, France.

Wikipedia

June 28th, 1859

The Kennel Club is founded, the oldest and first official registry of purebred dogs in the world

The first conformation dog show is held in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England.

Wikipedia  Competitors in the ring during the 136th Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show at Madison Square Garden. Timothy A. Clary, AFP / Getty Images ● Malachy, a Pekingese, wins best in show at the 136th annual Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show held at Madison Square Garden on February 14, 2012 in New York City. UPI, Monika Graff ● Bear, a 7 year old Puli from Kalamazoo, Mich. waits backstage after competing in the 135th Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show Monday, Feb. 14, 2011 at Madison Square Garden in New York. Mary Altaffer, AP ● Jack, a bulldog, has dog makeup applied by Cheryl Schaefer, while waiting for judging during the 136th Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. ● Cats get dressed up for U.S. breeders show

June 28th, 1894

Labor Day becomes an official U.S. holiday

The first Labor Day becomes an official U.S. holiday.

Wikipedia  Photo: Labor Day parade

June 28th, 1919

The Treaty of Versailles is signed in Paris, bringing fighting to an end in between Germany and the Allies of World War I

The Treaty of Versailles is signed in Paris, bringing fighting to an end in between Germany and the Allies of World War I.

Wikipedia /  Photo: Seated together in Paris, 1919, are the Big Four leaders of the Allies. Left to right: Vittorio Orlando, David Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau and Woodrow Wilson, Associated Press.

June 28th, 1922

British troops in Dublin City 1920's during the Irish War of Independence; Not everyone was a separatist in Ireland in 1919. Here the Union Jack flies over Trinity College at the Victory Parade for the First World War in Dublin; It believe the story behind the headlinesin the photo was with the shooting by members of Michael Collins squad of a high-ranking official of the G. N. R. (The Great Northern Railway) on the Southside of Dublin

Irish War of Independence:
1922 - Irish Civil War begins with the shelling of the Four Courts in Dublin by Free State forces.

Wikipedia  Photo: British troops in Dublin City 1920's during the Irish War of Independence; Not everyone was a separatist in Ireland in 1919. Here the Union Jack flies over Trinity College at the Victory Parade for the First World War in Dublin; It believe the story behind the headlinesin the photo was with the shooting by members of Michael Collins squad of a high-ranking official of the G. N. R. (The Great Northern Railway) on the Southside of Dublin.

June 28th, 1942

World War II: Second firestorm raid on Germany, the Royal Air Force conducts an air raid on the town of Kassel, killing 10,000 and rendering 150,000 homeless World War II: Battle of Leyte Gulf; Battle of Leyte Gulf; The first kamikaze attack: A Japanese plane carrying a 200-kilogram (440 lb) bomb attacks HMAS Australia off Leyte Island World War II: German V1 flying-bomb and V2 Rockets - Preparations for a Salvo Launch of V-2 Rockets in the Heidelager near Blizna (Poland) (1944) World War II: Eastern Front (World War II); was a theatre of World War II between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland, and some other Allies which encompassed Northern, Southern and Eastern Europe from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945

World War II:
1942 - Nazi Germany started its strategic summer offensive against the Soviet Union, codenamed Case Blue.

Wikipedia  Photo: Bombing of Dresden in World War II; August Schreitmüller's sculpture 'Goodness' surveys Dresden after a firestorm started by Allied bombers in 1945. USS Bunker Hill was hit by kamikazes piloted by Ensign Kiyoshi Ogawa and another airman on 11 May 1945. 389 personnel were killed or missing from a crew of 2,600; Ensign Kiyoshi Ogawa, who flew his aircraft into the USS Bunker Hill during a Kamikaze mission on 11 May 1945; Kamikaze Missions - Lt Yoshinori Yamaguchi's Yokosuka D4Y3 (Type 33 Suisei) "Judy" in a suicide dive against USS Essex. The dive brakes are extended and the non-self-sealing port wing tank is trailing fuel vapor and/or smoke November 25th, 1944. German V1 flying-bomb and V2 Rockets - Preparations for a Salvo Launch of V-2 Rockets in the Heidelager near Blizna (Poland) (1944), credit German History in Documents and Images GHDI.

Eastern Front (World War II); Germans race towards Stalingrad. August 1942; Soviet children during a German air raid in the first days of the war, June 1941, by RIA Novosti archive; Soviet sniper Roza Shanina in 1944. About 400,000 Soviet women served in front-line duty units Caucasus Mountains, winter 1942/43; Finnish ski patrol: the invisible enemy of the Soviet Army with an unlimited supply of skis; Men of the German Engineers Corps cross a river which is swollen after the first autumn rains, to strengthen bridges linking the German positions on the central front in Russia. by Keystone / Getty Images. October 1942; Russian snipers fighting on the Leningrad front during a blizzard. Photo by Hulton Archive / Getty Images, 1943; German soldiers surrendering to the Russians in Stalingrad, the soldier holding the white flag of surrender is dressed in white so that there could be no doubt of his intentions, a Russian soldier is on the right of the photograph. by Keystone / Getty Images, January 1943.

June 28th, 1948

Boxer Dick Turpin beats Vince Hawkins at Villa Park in Birmingham to become the first black British boxing champion in the modern era.

Boxer Dick Turpin beats Vince Hawkins at Villa Park in Birmingham to become the first black British boxing champion in the modern era.

Wikipedia  Photo: Lobby card for Dick Turpin (1925) Tom Mix in the boxing ring. (see 3382 thru 3382_8 to view the other cards from this set) (Item 3382_3)

June 28th, 1950

Korean War Collage

Korean War:
1950 - Seoul is captured by North Korean troops.

Wikipedia  Photo: Korean War Collage credit, The Big Picture, Boston Globe - (Associated Press; U.S. Department of Defense / SGT. F.C. Kerr; AP Photo; U.S. Department of Defense / TSGT. Charles B. Tyler; U.S. Department of Defense / TSGT. Charles B. Tyler; U.S. Department of Defense / TSGT. Robert H. Mosier; AP Photo / Max Desfor; U.S. Department of Defense / CPL. P. McDonald; AP Photo / Max Desfor; AP Photo/George Sweers; U.S. Navy / Maj. R.V. Spencer, UAF; AP Photo / Max Desfor).

June 28th, 1987

Iran–Iraq_War: (also known as the First Persian Gulf War and by various other names) was an armed conflict between the armed forces of Iraq and Iran, lasting from September 1980 to August 1988, making it the longest conventional war of the 20th century

Iran–Iraq War: For the first time in military history, a civilian population was targeted for chemical attack when Iraqi warplanes bombed the Iranian town of Sardasht.

Wikipedia  Photo: Iran–Iraq War (also known as the First Persian Gulf War and by various other names) was an armed conflict between the armed forces of Iraq and Iran, lasting from September 1980 to August 1988, making it the longest conventional war of the 20th century.

June 28th, 1989

Kingdom of Yugoslavia: (Serbo-Croatian: Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија) was a state stretching from the Western Balkans to Central Europe which existed during the often-tumultuous interwar era of 1918–1941

Yugoslav Wars:
1989 - On the 600th anniversary of the Battle of Kosovo, Slobodan Milošević delivers the Gazimestan speech at the site of the historic battle.
2001 - Slobodan Milošević is deported to ICTY (International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia) to stand trial.

Wikipedia  Map: Kingdom of Yugoslavia; Belgrade, Yugoslavia; A twilight moon rises above the Kamniske mountains and Slovenia’s Sava River Valley, Slovenia, credit National Geographic; Yugoslavia, November 1977, credit National Geographic.

June 26th, 2016

List of modern conflicts in the Middle East

Modern conflicts in the Middle East, social unrest and terrorist attacks:
2016 - Atatürk Airport attack: A terrorist attack in Turkey's Istanbul Atatürk Airport kills 42 people and injures more than 230 others.

Wikipedia  Photo: Middle East satellite image, NASA. ● Camels are seen early morning on a beach in the Marina area of Dubai October 16, 2008. (Steve Crisp, Reuters) ● A portrait of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad burns during clashes between rebels and Syrian troops in Selehattin, near Aleppo, on July 23, 2012. (Bulent Kilic, AFP / GettyImages) ● Egyptians gather in their thousands in Tahrir Square to mark the one year anniversary of the revolution on Jan. 25, 2012 in Cairo Egypt. Tens of thousands have gathered in the square on the first anniversary of the Arab uprising which toppled President Hosni Mubarak. (Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images) ● Black smoke rises above the Tehran skyline as supporters of Mir Hossein Mousavi burn tires and other material in the streets as they fight running battles with police to protest the declared results of the Iranian presidential election in Tehran, Iran, Saturday, June 13, 2009. (Ben Curtis, AP) ● The Iron Dome defense system fires to interecpt incoming missiles from Gaza in the port town of Ashdod, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012. (Tsafrir Abayov, AP)